新的可穿戴传感器记录太阳能效率Wearable sweat sensors that can measure levels of salts, sugars, uric acid, amino acids, vitamins, and more complex molecules like C-reactive protein have been developed by Wei Gao, an assistant professor of medical engineering and investigator with the Heritage Medical Research Institute. It allows noninvasive continuous monitoring of physicochemical biomarkers for disease diagnosis and fitness tracking. 传统医学研究所医学工程助理教授、研究员Wei Gao开发出了可穿戴式汗液传感器，可以测量盐、糖、尿酸、氨基酸、维生素以及c反应蛋白等更复杂分子的水平。它允许对疾病诊断和健康跟踪的物理化学生物标志物进行无创连续监测。 This technology can be used to assess certain health risks quickly. Gao has recently powered these wearable biosensors with a flexible solar cell with Martin Kaltenbrunner’s team at Johannes Kepler University Linz in Austria. 这项技术可用于快速评估某些健康风险。Gao教授最近与奥地利林茨约翰内斯·开普勒大学的Martin Kaltenbrunner团队合作，用柔性太阳能电池为这些可穿戴生物传感器供电。 These sensors are powered by a flexible solar cell built of perovskite crystal, which is less expensive to produce than silicon due to the need for highly purified methods. Perovskite solar cell layers are up to 1,000 times thinner than silicon, making them “quasi-2D.” Furthermore, perovskite may be tailored to the spectra of many lighting sources, ranging from outdoor sunshine to various types of indoor lighting. 这些传感器由由钙钛矿晶体制成的柔性太阳能电池供电，由于需要高度纯化的方法，钙钛矿晶体的生产成本低于硅。钙钛矿太阳能电池层比硅薄1000倍，使其成为“准二维”。此外，钙钛矿可以适应许多光源的光谱，从室外阳光到各种类型的室内照明。 The flexible perovskite solar cell (FPSC) on Gao’s wearable sweat sensor boasts a record-breaking PCE of more than 31% under indoor light illumination. The spectral response of the FPSC corresponds closely with the standard interior lighting emission spectrum, making it particularly well-suited for indoor illumination. Gao的可穿戴式汗液传感器上的柔性钙钛矿太阳能电池(FPSC)在室内光照下的PCE超过31%，创下了纪录。FPSC的光谱响应与标准室内照明发射光谱密切对应，使其特别适合室内照明。 Gao’s prior wearable sweat sensors were powered by lithium-ion batteries that had to be recharged with an external power source. Gao’s lab attempted to use silicon solar cells, which they discovered to be overly inflexible, inefficient, and dependent on solid lighting conditions in their search for a lighter, more sustainable source of electricity. They also tried extracting energy from human perspiration (a commonly available biofuel) and bodily motion. However, these could have been more stable or needed more effort. Gao之前的可穿戴式汗液传感器是由锂离子电池供电的，必须通过外部电源充电。Gao的实验室试图使用硅太阳能电池，他们发现这种电池过于不灵活，效率低下，并且依赖于固体照明条件，以寻找更轻，更可持续的电力来源。他们还尝试从人体汗液(一种常见的生物燃料)和身体运动中提取能量。然而，这些本来可以更稳定或需要更多的努力。 Gao can make sweat sensors with FPSCs that can be worn continuously for 12 hours daily, measuring pH, salt, glucose, temperature, and periodic sweat rate without using batteries or a particular light source. Additionally, the wearable has space for additional detectors to simultaneously monitor more biomarkers as the power source grows lighter and less bulky. Gao可以用FPSCs制造汗液传感器，可以每天连续佩戴12小时，测量pH值、盐、葡萄糖、温度和周期性出汗率，而无需使用电池或特定光源。此外，随着电源变得更轻、体积更小，可穿戴设备有空间容纳额外的探测器，同时监测更多的生物标志物。 The novel wearable sweat sensor is assembled in an origami style, with separate layers devoted to various processes. Its four main interdependent components are power management, iontophoresis, electrochemical measurement, data processing, and wireless communication. The sensor, which has dimensions of 20 x 27 x 4, can withstand the mechanical strain of being worn on the body. 这种新颖的可穿戴式汗液传感器以折叠的方式组装，有不同的层，用于不同的工艺。它的四个主要相互依赖的组件是电源管理、离子电泳、电化学测量、数据处理和无线通信。该传感器的尺寸为20 x 27 x 4，可以承受佩戴在身体上的机械应变。 Gao said, “Most of the elements of the sweat sensor, such as the electronics and the FPSC, are reusable. The only exception is the sensor patch, which is disposable, and it can be mass-produced at a low cost using inkjet printing.” Gao说:“汗液传感器的大部分元件，比如电子元件和FPSC，都是可重复使用的。唯一的例外是传感器贴片，它是一次性的，可以使用喷墨打印以低成本批量生产。” The substances the user wants to measure in their body can also be customized for these sensor patches. These solar-powered sweat sensors will be able to measure much more than current fitness and health trackers can once they are put to use. They can be used, for instance, to manage diabetes and find diseases, including heart disease, cystic fibrosis, and gout. 用户想要在体内测量的物质也可以为这些传感器贴片定制。这些太阳能汗液传感器一旦投入使用，将比目前的健身和健康追踪器能测量的多得多。例如，它们可以用于控制糖尿病和发现疾病，包括心脏病、囊性纤维化和痛风。 These sensors can determine a person’s baseline for substances like cortisol, hormones, or the metabolites of different foods and medications because they are noninvasive and can take several readings during brief times. Future departures from these baseline levels will provide a more accurate diagnosis than a test once the baseline levels for these drugs are known. 这些传感器可以确定一个人的皮质醇、激素或不同食物和药物的代谢物等物质的基线，因为它们是非侵入性的，可以在短时间内进行多次读数。一旦这些药物的基线水平已知，未来偏离这些基线水平将提供比测试更准确的诊断。 参考文件
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